Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) first broke out among farmers in the Crimean Peninsula in the 1940s, and the virus was isolated. In 1956, the virus was isolated from the serum of febrile children in Congo. In 1969, it was confirmed that the same virus caused the diseases in Crimea and Congo, and this virus was subsequently collectively named Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV). In my country, the disease was first discovered in southern Xinjiang in 1965, then called Xinjiang hemorrhagic fever (XHF), and its pathogen was named Xinjiang hemorrhagic fever virus (XHFV). Serological and morphological tests confirmed that Xinjiang hemorrhagic fever virus and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus are the same pathogen. Taxonomically, CCHF belongs to the genus Nairovirus in the family Bunyaviridae, and hard ticks are the natural vector for this virus. CCHF is currently mainly spreading and prevalent in Africa and Central and West Asia. Given that my country possesses suitable transmission vectors, climatic conditions, and susceptible populations (and animals), it suggests the possibility of further spread of the virus within my country.